Learn programming from scratch: 4 free and high-quality websites you can't miss

 For those who want to learn programming on a budget, the internet offers a wealth of free resources. The following five recommended websites, each with its own focus, can help you systematically progress from entry-level to advanced, without paying a penny.

1. freeCodeCamp: Best for beginners and practical application

This nonprofit organization offers an extremely structured and comprehensive free course.

Key Features: The course structure is very clear and focused on web development. You'll start with HTML/CSS and gradually learn JavaScript, front-end frameworks, databases, and more.

Why Recommended: It uses a "learn and build projects" model. After completing each chapter, you'll be required to build a certification project. These projects will become valuable portfolio pieces for your resume.

2. The Odin Project: A Deep Dive into Full-Stack Development

If you're looking for a deeper understanding of the principles behind something beyond just knowing how to use it, The Odin Project is your best choice.

Key Features: This open-source course aims to help you become a full-stack developer. It guides you through setting up a real-world development environment and encourages extensive reading of official documentation and high-quality external resources.

Why it's recommended: It's more like a mentor, teaching you how to learn on your own, developing your ability to solve complex problems and independently research.

3. MDN Web Docs: The definitive web technology reference

Maintained by Mozilla, this is the ultimate authoritative documentation library for learning front-end technologies.

Key Features: While primarily a reference document, the tutorials and guides it provides (such as the "JavaScript Guide") are very systematic, accurate, and in-depth.

Why it's recommended: When you have questions about an HTML tag, CSS property, or JavaScript API, MDN should be your first and last reference. Its explanations are the most reliable.

4. Coursera / edX: Get free access to top university courses

These two platforms partner with top universities around the world to offer a large number of free computer science courses.

Key Features: You can audit almost any course for free, including classic courses (such as CS50) from prestigious universities like Harvard, Stanford, and MIT.

Why it's recommended: It allows you to systematically learn computer science fundamentals and theory at a near-university level. While certifications typically require payment, the knowledge itself is completely free.